Semi-factorial models and N\'eron models

TL;DR

The paper introduces semi-factorial models over discrete valuation rings, showing their existence for proper normal schemes and linking semi-factoriality to Néron models and the Picard functor, with applications to algebraic geometry.

Contribution

It establishes the existence of semi-factorial models for proper geometrically normal schemes and connects semi-factoriality to Néron models and Picard functors, providing new insights.

Findings

Existence of semi-factorial models for proper geometrically normal schemes.

Semi-factoriality corresponds to the Néron property of the Picard functor.

Recovery of Néron models of Picard varieties from the Picard functor.

Abstract

Let S be the spectrum of a discrete valuation ring with function field K. Let X be a scheme over S. We will say that X is semi-factorial over S if each invertible sheaf on the generic fiber X_K can be extended to an invertible sheaf on X. Here we show that any proper geometrically normal scheme over K admits a model over S which is proper, flat, normal and semi-factorial. We also construct some semi-factorial compactifications of regular S-schemes, such as N\'eron models of abelian varieties. Moreover, the semi-factoriality property for a scheme X/S corresponds to the N\'eron property of its Picard functor. In particular, one can recover the N\'eron model of the Picard variety of X_K from the Picard functor of X/S, as in the case of curves. This provides some information about relative algebraic equivalence on the S-scheme X.