Interface solitons in thermal nonlinear media

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery and analysis of stable and unstable interface solitons in thermal nonlinear media with a refractive index step, highlighting their stability conditions and structural differences from uniform media.

Contribution

It introduces the existence and stability criteria of fundamental and dipole interface solitons in thermal nonlinear media with a refractive index step.

Findings

Fundamental interface solitons are always stable.

Dipole interface solitons' stability depends on the refractive index difference.

Dipole solitons have unequal intensity peaks under most conditions.

Abstract

We demonstrate the existence of fundamental and dipole interface solitons in one-dimensional thermal nonlinear media with a step in linear refractive index. Fundamental interface solitons are found to be always stable and the stability of dipole interface solitons depends on the difference in linear refractive index. The mass center of interface solitons always locates in the side with higher index. Two intensity peaks of dipole interface solitons are unequal except some specific conditions, which is different from their counterparts in uniform thermal media.