Proliferation of the Phoenix Universe

TL;DR

This paper explores how cyclic cosmology, or the Phoenix Universe, can lead to an eternally proliferating multiverse due to amplification of large-scale curvature perturbations, challenging the notion of a homogeneous cyclic universe.

Contribution

It introduces the idea that amplification of perturbations in cyclic cosmology can cause the universe to fragment into a multiverse, extending the concept of rebirth to perpetual proliferation.

Findings

Large-scale curvature perturbations can be amplified in cyclic models.

Amplification may cause the universe to fragment into a multiverse.

Cyclic universe can proliferate eternally, not just rebirth.

Abstract

Cyclic cosmology, in which the universe will experience alternating periods of gravitational collapse and expansion, provides an interesting understanding of the early universe and is described as "The Phoenix Universe". In usual expectation, the cyclic universe should be homogeneous, however, with studying the cosmological perturbations, we find that the amplification of curvature perturbations on the large scale may rip the homogeneous universe into a fissiparous multiverse after one or several cycles. Thus, we suggest that the cyclic universe not only rebirths in the "fire" and will never ended, like the Phoenix, but also proliferates eternally.