Hadron-quark phase transition in asymmetric matter with dynamical quark masses

TL;DR

This paper investigates the hadron-quark phase transition in asymmetric matter using a two-Equation of State model with dynamical quark masses, highlighting the role of chiral dynamics and the potential for experimental detection.

Contribution

It introduces the influence of dynamical quark masses and chiral symmetry effects on the hadron-quark phase transition, contrasting with fixed-mass models like MIT-Bag.

Findings

First order phase transition possible at T=50-80 MeV and  ho_B=2-4 ho_0

End-Point appears in the coexistence zone due to chiral dynamics

Signals for phase transition may be observable in upcoming heavy-ion collision experiments

Abstract

The two-Equation of State (EoS) model is used to describe the hadron-quark phase transition in asymmetric matter formed at high density in heavy-ion collisions. For the quark phase, the three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) effective theory is used to investigate the influence of dynamical quark mass effects on the phase transition. At variance to the MIT-Bag results, with fixed current quark masses, the main important effect of the chiral dynamics is the appearance of an End-Point for the coexistence zone. We show that a first order hadron-quark phase transition may take place in the region T=(50-80)MeV and \rho_B=(2-4)\rho_0, which is possible to be probed in the new planned facilities, such as FAIR at GSI-Darmstadt and NICA at JINR-Dubna. From isospin properties of the mixed phase somepossible signals are suggested. The importance of chiral symmetry and dynamical quark mass on the hadron-quark phase transition is stressed. The difficulty of an exact location of Critical-End-Point comes from its appearance in a region of competition between chiral symmetry breaking and confinement, where our knowledge of effective QCD theories is still rather uncertain.