N/Z dependence of balance energy as the probe of symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This study investigates how the balance energy in calcium isotopes varies with neutron-to-proton ratio, revealing its sensitivity to symmetry energy and its density dependence at supra-saturation densities.

Contribution

It demonstrates the N/Z dependence of balance energy as a probe for symmetry energy and its density dependence in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

N/Z dependence of E_bal is sensitive to symmetry energy.

E_bal's N/Z dependence is insensitive to nucleon-nucleon cross section isospin dependence.

Balance energy varies systematically with N/Z ratio in calcium isotopes.

Abstract

We study the N/Z dependence of balance energy (E$_{bal}$) for isotopic series of Ca having N/Z varying from 1.0 to 2.0. We show that the N/Z dependence of E$_{bal}$ is sensitive to symmetry energy and its density dependence at densities higher than saturation density and is insensitive towards the isospin dependence of nucleon-nucleon cross section