Identity method - a new tool for studying chemical fluctuations

TL;DR

The paper introduces the identity method, a new technique for analyzing chemical fluctuations in nuclear collision data, which can provide insights into the transition between confined and deconfined matter.

Contribution

The paper presents the identity method as a novel approach for studying chemical fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions, with testing on real experimental data.

Findings

The identity method effectively analyzes chemical fluctuations.

Application to Pb-Pb collision data demonstrates its utility.

Potential to probe phase transition properties.

Abstract

Event-by-event fluctuations of the chemical composition of the hadronic system produced in nuclear collisions are believed to be sensitive to properties of the transition between confined and deconfined strongly interacting matter. In this paper a new technique for the study of chemical fluctuation, the identity method, is introduced and its features are discussed. The method is tested using data on central Pb-Pb collisions at 40$A$~GeV registered by the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS.