Bright and Dark Solitons and Breathers in Strongly Repulsive Bose-Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates the complex collision behaviors of bright and dark solitons in strongly repulsive Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing rich dynamics including passing through interactions and controllable breather formations.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of various soliton types and multi-soliton breathers in strongly interacting BECs, with control via quantum phase engineering.

Findings

Confirmation of soliton nature for bright and dark waves

Identification of two collisional regimes: repulsive and passing through

Generation and control of multi-soliton breathers

Abstract

Collisional dynamics of solitary matter waves of superfluid hard core bosons, consisting of dark and bright non-linear waves as well as supersonic periodic trains, reveals remarkable richness and coherence, with the phase of the condensate playing a key role. Depending upon the condensate density and their relative velocity, two distinctive collisional types emerge: the intuitively expected repulsive collisions due to the hard core boson constraint; and, also collisions in which they "pass through" one another. In addition to confirming the soliton status of both bright and dark solitary waves, our studies reveal a variety of multi-solitons including multiple families of breathers, that can be produced and precisely controlled via quantum phase engineering.