High Energy Neutrino Astronomy

TL;DR

This paper reviews theoretical aspects of ultra high energy neutrinos, discussing various sources, fluxes, and the cascade upper limit, highlighting current experimental constraints and future prospects in neutrino astronomy.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of UHE neutrino sources, flux calculations, and the cascade upper limit, integrating recent observational data and theoretical models.

Findings

Current detector limits approach the cascade upper limit.

IceCube's future limits will be below the cascade upper limit.

The cascade upper limit is the most general constraint on diffuse neutrino fluxes.

Abstract

The short review of theoretical aspects of ultra high energy (UHE) neutrinos. The accelerator sources, such as Supernovae remnants, Gamma Ray Bursts, AGN etc are discussed. The top-down sources include Topological Defects (TDs), Superheavy Dark Matter (SHDM) and Mirror Matter. The diffuse fluxes are considered accordingly as that of cosmogenic and top-down neutrinos. Much attention is given to the cascade upper limit to the diffuse neutrino fluxes in the light of Fermi-LAT data on diffuse high energy gamma radiation. This is most general and rigorous upper limit, valid for both cosmogenic and top-down models. At present upper limits from many detectors are close to the cascade upper limit, and 5 yr IceCube upper limit will be well below it.