Quasi-Optimal Network Utility Maximization for Scalable Video Streaming

TL;DR

This paper introduces distributed algorithms for scalable video streaming rate control by approximating a nonconvex utility maximization problem as a sequence of convex problems, ensuring convergence and scalability.

Contribution

It reformulates the nonconvex, nonsmooth NUM problem into a D.C. problem and applies Sequential Convex Programming with dual methods for scalable, distributed rate control.

Findings

Algorithms converge to local optima

Proposed methods are scalable and distributed

Experimental results confirm convergence and effectiveness

Abstract

This paper addresses rate control for transmission of scalable video streams via Network Utility Maximization (NUM) formulation. Due to stringent QoS requirements of video streams and specific characterization of utility experienced by end-users, one has to solve nonconvex and even nonsmooth NUM formulation for such streams, where dual methods often prove incompetent. Convexification plays an important role in this work as it permits the use of existing dual methods to solve an approximate to the NUM problem iteratively and distributively. Hence, to tackle the nonsmoothness and nonconvexity, we aim at reformulating the NUM problem through approximation and transformation of the ideal discretely adaptive utility function for scalable video streams. The reformulated problem is shown to be a D.C. (Difference of Convex) problem. We leveraged Sequential Convex Programming (SCP) approach to replace the nonconvex D.C. problem by a sequence of convex problems that aim to approximate the original D.C. problem. We then solve each convex problem produced by SCP approach using existing dual methods. This procedure is the essence of two distributed iterative rate control algorithms proposed in this paper, for which one can show the convergence to a locally optimal point of the nonconvex D.C. problem and equivalently to a locally optimal point of an approximate to the original nonconvex problem. Our experimental results show that the proposed rate control algorithms converge with tractable convergence behavior.