Random interlacements and the Gaussian free field

TL;DR

This paper studies the distribution of occupation times in continuous-time random interlacements on high-dimensional integer lattices and links these to Gaussian free fields, revealing new asymptotic behaviors and relationships.

Contribution

It characterizes the distribution of occupation times for random interlacements and connects these to Gaussian free fields across different dimensions, including asymptotic regimes.

Findings

Occupation times relate to Gaussian free fields in high dimensions.

Scaling factors in the limit are distributed as Bessel process marginals.

Established connections between interlacements and free fields at various levels.

Abstract

We consider continuous time random interlacements on $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d \ge 3$, and characterize the distribution of the corresponding stationary random field of occupation times. When d = 3, we relate this random field to the two-dimensional Gaussian free field pinned at the origin by looking at scaled differences of occupation times of long rods by random interlacements at appropriately tuned levels. In the main asymptotic regime, a scaling factor appears in the limit, which is independent of the free field, and distributed as the time-marginal of a zero-dimensional Bessel process. For arbitrary $d \ge 3$, we also relate the field of occupation times at a level tending to infinity, to the d-dimensional Gaussian free field.