Structure and Magnetic Fields in the Precessing Jet System SS433 III. Evolution of the Intrinsic Brightness of the Jets from a Deep Multi-Epoch VLA Campaign

TL;DR

This study analyzes multi-epoch VLA observations of SS433 to understand jet brightness evolution, revealing exponential fading, synchronized power variations, and high jet density relative to surroundings.

Contribution

It provides a detailed model of jet brightness decay and variability, and constrains jet density, advancing understanding of jet dynamics in SS433.

Findings

Jet brightness fades exponentially with age.

Jet power varies synchronously in east and west jets.

Jet density exceeds surrounding medium by over 300:1.

Abstract

We present a sequence of five deep observations of SS433 made over the summer of 2007 using the VLA in the A configuration at 5 and 8 GHz. In this paper we study the brightness profiles of the jets and their time evolution. We also examine the spectral index distribution in the source. We find (as previously reported from the analysis of a single earlier image) that the profiles of the east and west jets are remarkably similar if projection and Doppler beaming are taken into account. The sequence of five images allows us to disentangle the evolution of brightness of individual pieces of jet from the variations of jet power originating at the core. We find that the brightness of each piece of the jet fades as an exponential function of age (or distance from the core), exp(-tau/tau'), where tau is the age at emission and tau' = 55.9 +- 1.7 days. This evolutionary model describes both the east and west jets equally well. There is also significant variation (by a factor of at least five) in jet power with birth epoch, with the east and west jets varying in synchrony. The lack of deceleration between the scale of the optical Balmer line emission (10^15 cm) and that of the radio emission (10^17 cm) requires that the jet material is much denser than its surroundings. We find that the density ratio must exceed 300:1.