Quantum metrology with rotating matter waves in different geometries

TL;DR

This paper explores how rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in various geometries can generate entangled states suitable for quantum metrology, demonstrating robustness and potential for surpassing classical measurement limits.

Contribution

It introduces a method to produce large-scale entangled states via quantum phase transitions in rotating BECs across different geometries, enhancing quantum metrology capabilities.

Findings

Rotation induces quantum phase transitions with large entanglement

Dimensional reduction yields robust entangled states

Generated states can surpass shot noise limit in measurements

Abstract

A promising practical application of entanglement is metrology, where quantum states can be used to make measurements beyond the shot noise limit. Here we consider how metrology schemes could be realised using atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) trapped in different potentials. In particular, we show that if a trapped BEC is rotated at just the right frequency, it can undergo a quantum phase transition characterised by large-scale entanglement spreading across the system. This simple process of stirring can generate interesting quantum states such as macroscopic superpositions of all the atoms flowing in opposite directions around a ring-shaped potential. We consider different trapping potentials and show how this leads to different entangled states. In particular, we find that by reducing the dimensionality of the system to one or two dimensions, it is possible to generate entangled states that are remarkably robust to the loss of atoms and so are ideally suited to precision measurement schemes.