The Kinematics and Morphology of PNe with close binary nuclei

TL;DR

This study investigates the shapes and structures of 24 planetary nebulae with confirmed close binary nuclei, revealing common features like toroids that are linked to their evolutionary history.

Contribution

It provides detailed imaging and spectral analysis of PNe with close binaries and suggests new candidates based on observed morphological features.

Findings

Toroids are common in PNe with close binary nuclei

Toroids are remnants of the post common envelope phase

Identification of potential new binary-hosting PNe

Abstract

We have obtained images and long-slit, spatially resolved echelle spectra for twenty four planetary nebulae (PNe) that have confirmed close binary nuclei. The sample shows a variety of morphologies, however toroids or dense equatorial density enhancements are identified, both in the imagery and the spectra, as the common structural component. These toroids are thought to be the remnant fingerprints of the post common envelope phase. Based on the characteristics of the present sample we suggest a list of additional PNe that are likely to host close binary nuclei