Extended Empirical Fermion Mass Relation

TL;DR

This paper explores an extended empirical mass relation for fermions, particularly neutrinos, within the seesaw mechanism, and discusses its implications for neutrino physics and quark mass patterns.

Contribution

It proposes a modified fermion mass relation that can include neutrino Majorana phases and applies it to various fermion families, offering new phenomenological insights.

Findings

The empirical relation can be adapted for neutrino masses with Majorana phases.

Predictions for neutrinoless double beta decay are derived.

The relation may hold for certain quark families, but not for others.

Abstract

It is known that the charged lepton masses obey to high precision an interesting empirical relation (Koide relation). In turn, the light neutrino masses cannot obey such a relation. We note that if neutrinos acquire their mass via the seesaw mechanism, the empirical mass relation could hold for the masses in the Dirac and/or heavy Majorana mass matrix. Examples for the phenomenological consequences are provided. We furthermore modify the mass relation for light neutrino masses including their Majorana phases, and show that it can be fulfilled in this case as well, with interesting predictions for neutrinoless double beta decay. Finally, we remark that while the relation does not hold for the up- and down-quarks, it may be valid for the u, d, s quarks, and for the c, b, t quarks.