One dimensional Bosons: From Condensed Matter Systems to Ultracold Gases

TL;DR

This paper reviews the physics of one-dimensional interacting bosonic systems, covering theoretical models, experimental realizations, and the effects of perturbations, highlighting the relevance of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids in various contexts.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of one-dimensional bosonic systems, integrating exact solutions, computational methods, and experimental systems, and discusses extensions beyond ideal models.

Findings

Bosonic Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids effectively describe 1D bosonic systems.

Perturbations can significantly alter the properties of the Luttinger liquid state.

Experimental systems such as ultracold gases realize these theoretical models.

Abstract

We review the physics of one-dimensional interacting bosonic systems. Beginning with results from exactly solvable models and computational approaches, we introduce the concept of bosonic Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquids relevant for one-dimension, and compare it with Bose-Einstein condensates existing in dimensions higher than one. We discuss the effects of various perturbations on the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid state as well as extensions to multicomponent and out of equilibrium situations. Finally, we review the experimental systems that can be described in terms of models of interacting bosons in one dimension.