Strongly Intensive Quantities

TL;DR

This paper introduces a second family of strongly intensive quantities for analyzing fluctuations in relativistic particle collisions, proving their independence from volume fluctuations within statistical mechanics.

Contribution

It presents a new family of strongly intensive quantities and proves their independence from volume fluctuations, extending previous work from 1992.

Findings

Introduction of a second family of strongly intensive quantities

Proof of volume fluctuation independence within statistical mechanics

Enhanced tools for analyzing hadron production fluctuations

Abstract

Analysis of fluctuations of hadron production properties in collisions of relativistic particles profits from use of measurable intensive quantities which are independent of system size variations. They are referred to as strongly intensive quantities. The first family of such quantities was proposed already in 1992. The second is introduced in this paper. We also present a proof of independence of volume fluctuations for quantities from both families within the framework of statistical mechanics.