Physical mechanism of the (tri)critical point generation

TL;DR

This paper explores the phenomenological relation between string tension and surface tension in QCD, proposing that the vanishing surface tension temperature marks the QCD critical endpoint and correlates with chiral symmetry restoration.

Contribution

It introduces a novel relation linking string tension and surface tension, estimating the critical endpoint temperature in QCD and connecting it with phenomena in ordinary liquids.

Findings

Estimated critical endpoint temperature T_σ = 152.9 ± 4.5 MeV.

Identified the vanishing surface tension temperature as the (tri)critical point.

Argued the negative surface tension coefficient exists in supercritical liquids.

Abstract

We discuss some ideas resulting from a phenomenological relation recently declared between the tension of string connecting the static quark-antiquark pair and surface tension of corresponding cylindrical bag. This relation analysis leads to the temperature of vanishing surface tension coefficient of the QGP bags at zero baryonic charge density as T_\sigma = 152.9 +- 4.5 MeV. We develop the view point that this temperature value is not a fortuitous coincidence with the temperature of (partial) chiral symmetry restoration as seen in the lattice QCD simulations. Besides, we argue that T_\sigma defines the QCD (tri)critical endpoint temperature and claim that a negative value of surface tension coefficient recently discovered is not a sole result, but should also exist in ordinary liquids at the supercritical temperatures.