Light bending by nonlinear electrodynamics under strong electric and magnetic field

TL;DR

This paper investigates how strong electric and magnetic fields near charged black holes and neutron stars cause light bending, using nonlinear electrodynamics, with implications for astrophysical observations.

Contribution

It derives a general formula for light bending in nonlinear electrodynamics applicable to any magnetic dipole orientation and analyzes the effects of strong fields on light trajectories.

Findings

Light bending angles are computed for charged black holes and neutron stars.

A general formula for light bending in nonlinear electrodynamics is established.

The astrophysical significance of magnetic field-induced light bending is discussed.

Abstract

We calculate the bending angles of light under the strong electric and magnetic fields by a charged black hole and a magnetized neutron star according to the nonlinear electrodynamics of Euler-Heisenberg interaction. The bending angle of light by the electric field of charged black hole is computed from geometric optics and a general formula is derived for light bending valid for any orientation of the magnetic dipole. The astronomical significance of the light bending by magnetic field of a neutron star is discussed.