Domain wall network evolution in (N+1)-dimensional FRW universes

TL;DR

This paper develops a model for the evolution of domain wall networks in (N+1)-dimensional universes, deriving scaling laws and conditions for linear scaling solutions in different regimes.

Contribution

It introduces a velocity-dependent one-scale model for domain wall networks in arbitrary-dimensional FRW universes, analyzing their scaling behavior.

Findings

Derived scaling laws for domain wall networks in various regimes.

Identified parameter ranges for linear scaling solutions.

Extended analysis to arbitrary spatial dimensions.

Abstract

We develop a velocity-dependent one-scale model for the evolution of domain wall networks in flat expanding or collapsing homogeneous and isotropic universes with an arbitrary number of spatial dimensions, finding the corresponding scaling laws in frictionless and friction dominated regimes. We also determine the allowed range of values of the curvature parameter and the expansion exponent for which a linear scaling solution is possible in the frictionless regime.