Characterization and Simulation of the Response of Multi Pixel Photon Counters to Low Light Levels
A. Vacheret (1), G.J. Barker (2), M. Dziewiecki (3), P. Guzowski (1),, M.D. Haigh (2,4), B. Hartfiel (5), A. Izmaylov (6), W. Johnston (7), M., Khabibullin (6), A. Khotjantsev (6), Yu. Kudenko (6), R. Kurjata (3), T., Kutter (5), T. Lindner (8), P. Masliah (1), J. Marzec (3)
TL;DR
This paper characterizes the performance of Multi Pixel Photon Counters (MPPCs) at low light levels and develops a simulation to predict their impact on detector energy resolution in the T2K experiment.
Contribution
It provides detailed measurements of MPPC characteristics and introduces a simulation model to assess their effect on detector performance in neutrino experiments.
Findings
Measured MPPC gain, afterpulsing, crosstalk, dark noise, and photon detection efficiency.
Developed a simulation to predict the energy resolution of the detector.
Results inform the optimization of detector performance in low light conditions.
Abstract
The calorimeter, range detector and active target elements of the T2K near detectors rely on the Hamamatsu Photonics Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPCs) to detect scintillation light produced by charged particles. Detailed measurements of the MPPC gain, afterpulsing, crosstalk, dark noise, and photon detection efficiency for low light levels are reported. In order to account for the impact of the MPPC behavior on T2K physics observables, a simulation program has been developed based on these measurements. The simulation is used to predict the energy resolution of the detector.
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