The Double Galaxy Cluster Abell 2465 I. Basic Properties: Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy

TL;DR

This study presents optical imaging and spectroscopy of the double galaxy cluster Abell 2465, revealing its ongoing merger, distinct properties of its subclusters, and evidence that collisions may trigger star formation.

Contribution

It provides detailed measurements of the cluster's properties, including mass, galaxy composition, and dynamics, using innovative fuzzy clustering techniques and multi-wavelength data.

Findings

The NE and SW subclusters have different luminosity functions.

The SW subcluster has a cooling core and extended outer region.

Collision history likely triggered star formation in member galaxies.

Abstract

Optical imaging and spectroscopic observations of the z = 0.245 double galaxy cluster Abell 2465 are described. This object appears to be undergoing a major merger. It is a double X-ray source and is detected in the radio at 1.4 GHz. This paper investigates signatures of the interaction of the two components. Redshifts were measured to determine velocity dispersions and virial radii of each component. The technique of fuzzy clustering was used to assign membership weights to the galaxies in each clump. Using redshifts of 93 cluster members within 1.4 Mpc of the subcluster centres, the virial masses and anisotropy parameters are derived. 37% of the spectroscopically observed galaxies show emission lines and are predominantly star forming in the diagnostic diagram. No strong AGN sources were found. The emission line galaxies tend to lie between the two cluster centres with more near the SW clump. The luminosity functions of the two subclusters differ. The NE component is similar to many rich clusters, while the SW component has more faint galaxies. The NE clump's light profile follows a single NFW profile with c = 10 while the SW is better fit with an extended outer region and a compact inner core, consistent with available X-ray data indicating that the SW clump has a cooling core. The observed differences and properties of the two components of Abell 2465 are interpreted to have been caused by a collision 2-4 Gyr ago, after which they have moved apart and are now near their apocentres, although the start of a merger remains a possibility. The number of emission line galaxies gives weight to the idea that galaxy cluster collisions trigger star formation.