N/Z and N/A dependence of balance energy as a probe of symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This study investigates how the balance energy in heavy-ion collisions depends on N/Z and N/A ratios, revealing its sensitivity to symmetry energy and its density dependence, while being unaffected by nucleon-nucleon cross section and Coulomb effects.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the N/Z and N/A dependence of balance energy is sensitive to symmetry energy and its density dependence, independent of nucleon-nucleon cross section and Coulomb effects.

Findings

N/Z and N/A dependence of E_bal is sensitive to symmetry energy.

E_bal dependence remains unchanged with momentum dependent interactions.

E_bal is insensitive to isospin dependence of nucleon-nucleon cross section and Coulomb repulsion.

Abstract

We study the N/Z and N/A dependence of balance energy (E$_{bal}$) for isotopic series of Ca having N/Z (N/A) varying from 1.0 to 2.0 (0.5 to 0.67). We show that the N/Z (N/A) dependence of E$_{bal}$ is sensitive to symmetry energy and its density dependence at densities higher than saturation density and is insensitive towards the isospin dependence of nucleon-nucleon (nn) cross section and Coulomb repulsion. We also study the effect of momentum dependent interactions (MDI) on the N/Z (N/A) dependence of E$_{bal}$. We find that although MDI influences the E$_{bal}$ drastically, the N/Z (N/A) dependence of E$_{bal}$ remains unchanged on inclusion of MDI.