Enigmatic Aspects of the Early Universe: Possibility of a 'Pre-Big Bang Phase'!

TL;DR

This paper proposes a 'pre-big bang' phase driven by gravitational interactions and massive particles, leading to early universe acceleration that transitions smoothly into the radiation-dominated era, offering an alternative to traditional inflation models.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scenario where mutual gravitational interactions among super-Planck mass particles induce early universe acceleration, bridging to standard cosmology.

Findings

Massive particles (> Planck mass) can cause accelerated expansion.

The universe transitions smoothly from pre-big bang to radiation phase.

Towers of massive states facilitate rapid early universe expansion.

Abstract

In this paper it is suggested that inclusion of mutual gravitational interactions among the particles in the early dense universe can lead to a 'pre-big bang' scenario, with particle masses greater than the Planck mass implying an accelerating phase of the universe, which then goes into the radiation phase when the masses fall below the Planck mass. The existence of towers of states of such massive particles (i.e. multiples of Planck mass) as implied in various unified theories, provides rapid acceleration in the early universe, similar to the usual inflation scenario, but here the expansion rate goes over 'smoothly' to the radiation dominated universe when temperature becomes lower than the Planck temperature.