Method of unitary clothing transformations in the theory of nucleon-nucleon scattering

TL;DR

This paper applies the clothing transformation method from quantum field theory to nucleon-nucleon scattering, deriving energy-independent operators and a T-matrix formulation in the clothed particle representation, providing a new approach to nuclear force modeling.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of unitary clothing transformations to nucleon-nucleon interactions, deriving explicit operators and equations in the clothed particle framework.

Findings

Derived Hermitian, energy-independent operators for clothed nucleons.

Compared analytic expressions with meson exchange potentials.

Formulated a T-matrix equation in the clothed particle representation.

Abstract

The clothing procedure, put forward in quantum field theory (QFT) by Greenberg and Schweber, is applied for the description of nucleon-nucleon (N-N) scattering. We consider pseudoscalar, vector and scalar meson fields interacting with fermion ones via the Yukawa-type couplings to introduce trial interactions between "bare" particles. The subsequent unitary clothing transformations (UCTs) are found to express the total Hamiltonian through new interaction operators that refer to particles with physical (observable) properties, the so-called clothed particles. In this work, we are focused upon the Hermitian and energy-independent operators for the clothed nucleons, being built up in the second order in the coupling constants. The corresponding analytic expressions in momentum space are compared with the separate meson contributions to the one-boson-exchange potentials in the meson theory of nuclear forces. In order to evaluate the T-matrix of the N-N scattering we have used an equivalence theorem that enables us to operate in the clothed particle representation (CPR) instead of the bare particle representation (BPR) with its large amount of virtual processes. We have derived the Lippmann-Schwinger type equation for the CPR elements of the T-matrix for a given collision energy in the two-nucleon sector of the Hilbert space of hadronic states.