Bosonic and fermionic dipoles on a ring

TL;DR

This paper explores how dipolar bosons and fermions confined to a ring exhibit diverse states, including gas-like, crystal-like, and clustered configurations, depending on interaction strength and dipole orientation.

Contribution

It demonstrates the rich phase behavior of dipolar particles on a ring, highlighting the effects of inhomogeneous interactions and dipole angles on state formation.

Findings

Crossover from gas-like to crystal-like states with increasing dipolar strength

Formation of clustered states when dipoles have attractive interactions

Presence of inhomogeneous states due to the ring geometry

Abstract

We show that dipolar bosons and fermions confined in a quasi-one-dimensional ring trap exhibit a rich variety of states because their interaction is inhomogeneous. For purely repulsive interactions, with increasing strength of the dipolar coupling there is a crossover from a gas-like state to an inhomogeneous crystal-like one. For small enough angles between the dipoles and the plane of the ring, there are regions with attractive interactions, and clustered states can form.