Hypersurfaces in non-flat Lorentzian space forms satisfying $L_k\psi=A\psi+b$

TL;DR

This paper classifies hypersurfaces in De Sitter and anti De Sitter spaces satisfying a linear condition involving the linearized mean curvature operator, revealing they are either of constant mean curvature or specific standard pseudo-Riemannian products.

Contribution

It provides a classification of hypersurfaces satisfying a linearized mean curvature condition, extending known results to non-flat Lorentzian space forms with new geometric characterizations.

Findings

Hypersurfaces with $A$ self-adjoint and $b=0$ are either zero $(k+1)$-th mean curvature or constant $k$-th mean curvature.

Such hypersurfaces are open pieces of standard pseudo-Riemannian products or quadratic hypersurfaces.

When $H_k$ is constant and $b$ is non-zero, the hypersurface is totally umbilical.

Abstract

We study hypersurfaces either in the De Sitter space $\S_1^{n+1}\subset\R_1^{n+2}$ or in the anti De Sitter space $\H_1^{n+1}\subset\R_2^{n+2}$ whose position vector $\psi$ satisfies the condition $L_k\psi=A\psi+b$, where $L_k$ is the linearized operator of the $(k+1)$-th mean curvature of the hypersurface, for a fixed $k=0,...,n-1$, $A$ is an $(n+2)\times(n+2)$ constant matrix and $b$ is a constant vector in the corresponding pseudo-Euclidean space. For every $k$, we prove that when $A$ is self-adjoint and $b=0$, the only hypersurfaces satisfying that condition are hypersurfaces with zero $(k+1)$-th mean curvature and constant $k$-th mean curvature, open pieces of standard pseudo-Riemannian products in $\S_1^{n+1}$ ($\S_1^m(r)\times\S^{n-m}(\sqrt{1-r^2})$, $\H^m(-r)\times\S^{n-m}(\sqrt{1+r^2})$, $\S_1^m(\sqrt{1-r^2})\times\S^{n-m}(r)$, $\H^m(-\sqrt{r^2-1})\times\S^{n-m}(r)$), open pieces of standard pseudo-Riemannian products in $\H_1^{n+1}$ ($\H_1^m(-r)\times\S^{n-m}(\sqrt{r^2-1})$, $\H^m(-\sqrt{1+r^2})\times\S_1^{n-m}(r)$, $\S_1^m(\sqrt{r^2-1})\times\H^{n-m}(-r)$, $\H^m(-\sqrt{1-r^2})\times\H^{n-m}(-r)$) and open pieces of a quadratic hypersurface $\{x\in\mathbb{M}_{c}^{n+1}\;|\;Rx,x=d\}$, where $R$ is a self-adjoint constant matrix whose minimal polynomial is $t^2+at+b$, $a^2-4b\leq 0$, and $\mathbb{M}_{c}^{n+1}$ stands for $\S_1^{n+1}\subset\R_1^{n+2}$ or $\H_1^{n+1}\subset\R_2^{n+2}$. When $H_k$ is constant and $b$ is a non-zero constant vector, we show that the hypersurface is totally umbilical, and then we also obtain a classification result (see Theorem 2).