Time Calibration of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

The ANTARES Collaboration: J.A. Aguilar; I. Al Samarai; A. Albert; M.; Andr\'e; M. Anghinolfi; G. Anton; S. Anvar; M. Ardid; A.C. Assis Jesus; T.; Astraatmadja; J.J. Aubert; R. Auer; B. Baret; S. Basa; M. Bazzotti; V.; Bertin; S. Biagi; C. Bigongiari; M. Bou-Cabo; M.C. Bouwhuis; A. M. Brown; J.; Brunner; J. Busto; F. Camarena; A. Capone; C.Carloganu; G. Carminati; J.; Carr; S. Cecchini; Ph. Charvis; T. Chiarusi; M. Circella; H. Costantini; N.; Cottini; P. Coyle; C. Curtil; M.P. Decowski; I. Dekeyser; A. Deschamps; C.; Distefano; C. Donzaud; D. Dornic; D. Drouhin; T. Eberl; U. Emanuele; J.P.; Ernenwein; S. Escoffier; F. Fehr; V. Flaminio; U. Fritsch; J.L. Fuda; S.; Galata; P. Gay; G. Giacomelli; J.P. G\'omez-Gonz\'alez; K. Graf; G. Guillard,; G. Halladjian; G. Hallewell; H. van Haren; A.J. Heijboer; Y. Hello; J.J.; Hern\'andez-Rey; B. Herold; J. H\"ossl; C.C. Hsu; M. de Jong; M. Kadler; N.; Kalantar-Nayestanaki; O. Kalekin; A. Kappes; U. Katz; P. Kooijman; C. Kopper,; A. Kouchner; V. Kulikovskiy; R. Lahmann; P. Lamare; G. Larosa; D. Lef\`evre,; G. Lim; D. Lo Presti; H. Loehner; S. Loucatos; F. Lucarelli; S. Mangano; M.; Marcelin; A. Margiotta; J.A. Martinez-Mora; A. Mazure; T. Montaruli; M.; Morganti; L. Moscoso; H. Motz; C. Naumann; M. Neff; D. Palioselitis,; G.E.Pavalas; P. Payre; J. Petrovic; P. Piattelli; N. Picot-Clemente; C. Picq,; V. Popa; T. Pradier; E. Presani; C. Racca; C. Reed; G. Riccobene; C.; Richardt; M. Rujoiu; G.V. Russo; F. Salesa; P. Sapienza; F. Sch\"ock; J.P.; Schuller; R. Shanidze; F. Simeone; A. Spies; M. Spurio; J.J.M. Steijger; Th.; Stolarczyk; M. Taiuti; C. Tamburini; L. Tasca; S. Toscano; B. Vallage; V. Van; Elewyck; G. Vannoni; M. Vecchi; P. Vernin; G. Wijnker; E. de Wolf; H. Yepes,; D. Zaborov; J.D. Zornoza; J. Z\'u\~niga

arXiv:1012.2204·astro-ph.IM·February 18, 2011

Time Calibration of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

The ANTARES Collaboration: J.A. Aguilar, I. Al Samarai, A. Albert, M., Andr\'e, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, S. Anvar, M. Ardid, A.C. Assis Jesus, T., Astraatmadja, J.J. Aubert, R. Auer, B. Baret, S. Basa, M. Bazzotti, V., Bertin, S. Biagi, C. Bigongiari, M. Bou-Cabo, M.C. Bouwhuis

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TL;DR

This paper discusses the methods used to achieve precise time calibration of photomultiplier signals in the ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope, crucial for accurate neutrino detection and angular resolution.

Contribution

It introduces specific calibration procedures that ensure a 1ns relative timing accuracy among photomultipliers in the ANTARES detector.

Findings

01

Achieved 1ns relative time calibration accuracy

02

Enhanced angular resolution for neutrino detection

03

Improved detection performance in deep-sea environment

Abstract

The ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope comprises a three-dimensional array of photomultipliers to detect the Cherenkov light induced by upgoing relativistic charged particles originating from neutrino interactions in the vicinity of the detector. The large scattering length of light in the deep sea facilitates an angular resolution of a few tenths of a degree for neutrino energies exceeding 10 TeV. In order to achieve this optimal performance, the time calibration procedures should ensure a relative time calibration between the photomultipliers at the level of about 1ns. The methods developed to attain this level of precision are described.

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