Proton Modulation in the Heliosphere for Different Solar Conditions and Prediction for AMS-02

TL;DR

This paper presents a 2D stochastic simulation of solar modulation affecting Galactic Cosmic Rays, successfully reproducing observed spectra under various solar conditions and predicting future measurements for AMS-02.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel 2D stochastic model for solar modulation of cosmic rays and evaluates the impact of the Local Interstellar Spectrum on observed data.

Findings

Good agreement with AMS-01 and BESS data during different solar activity periods.

Predicted cosmic ray flux for AMS-02 measurements.

Highlighted importance of the Local Interstellar Spectrum in modeling.

Abstract

Spectra of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) measured at the Earth are the combination of several processes: sources production and acceleration, propagation in the interstellar medium and propagation in the heliosphere. Inside the solar cavity the flux of GCRs is reduced due to the solar modulation, the interaction which they have with the interplanetary medium. We realized a 2D stochastic simulation of solar modulation to reproduce CR spectra at the Earth, and evaluated the importance in our results of the Local Interstellar Spectrum (LIS) model and its agreement with data at high energy. We show a good agreement between our model and the data taken by AMS-01 and BESS experiments during periods with different solar activity conditions. Furthermore we made a prediction for the flux which will be measured by AMS-02 experiment.