Massive charged particle's tunneling from spherical charged black hole

TL;DR

This paper extends the tunneling framework to massive charged particles from spherical charged black holes, revealing how particle properties influence tunneling probability and Hawking temperature, with implications for black hole evolution.

Contribution

It generalizes the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling scheme to include massive charged particles and analyzes the effects on Hawking temperature and black hole evolution.

Findings

Tunneling probability depends on particle energy, mass, and charge.

Modified Hawking temperature relates to the particle's charge.

Hawking radiation causes the black hole to approach an extremal state.

Abstract

We generalize the Parikh-Wilczek scheme to the tunneling of a massive charged particle from a general spherical charged black hole. We obtain that the tunneling probability depends on the energy, the mass and the charge of the particle. In particular, the modified Hawking temperature is related to the charge. Only at the leading order approximation can the standard Hawking temperature be reproduced. We take the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole as an example to clarify our points of view, and find that the accumulation of Hawking radiation makes it approach an extreme black hole.