Remarks on the Hamiltonian for the Fermionic Unitary Gas model

TL;DR

This paper investigates the mathematical properties of a Hamiltonian model for a three-dimensional fermionic system with zero-range interactions, revealing potential instabilities and the non-self-adjoint nature of the proposed Hamiltonian.

Contribution

It constructs the Hamiltonian for a fermionic mixture with zero-range interactions and analyzes its mathematical properties, highlighting issues like unboundedness and non-self-adjointness.

Findings

Quadratic form is unbounded from below for certain parameters.

The Hamiltonian $H_{ ext{α}}$ is not self-adjoint or bounded from below.

Potential occurrence of the Thomas effect in the model.

Abstract

We consider a quantum system in dimension three composed by a group of $N$ identical fermions, with mass 1/2, interacting via zero-range interaction with a group of $M$ identical fermions of a different type, with mass $m/2$. Exploiting a renormalization procedure, we construct the corresponding quadratic (or energy) form and define the so-called Ter-Martirosyan-Skornyakov extension $H_{\alpha}$, which is the natural candidate as a possible Hamiltonian of the system. In the particular case M=1, under a suitable condition on the parameters $m$, $N$, we show that the quadratic form is unbounded from below. In the same setting we prove that $H_{\alpha}$ is not a self-adjoint and bounded from below operator and this in particular suggests that the so-called Thomas effect could occur.