Lagrangian coherent structures in nonlinear dynamos

TL;DR

This paper uses Lagrangian coherent structures to analyze turbulent magnetic fields in nonlinear dynamos, revealing how magnetic fields influence fluid transport and chaotic mixing in stellar environments.

Contribution

It introduces the application of Lagrangian coherent structures to helical MHD dynamo simulations, providing new insights into magnetic field effects on turbulence and transport barriers.

Findings

Identified two dynamo regimes with distinct LCS patterns.

Demonstrated the impact of magnetic fields on chaotic mixing.

Linked LCS structures to dynamo saturation levels.

Abstract

Turbulence and chaos play a fundamental role in stellar convective zones through the transportof particles, energy and momentum, and in fast dynamos, through the stretching, twisting and folding of magnetic flux tubes. A particularly revealing way to describe turbulent motions is through the analysis of Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS), which are material lines or surfaces that act as transport barriers in the fluid. We report the detection of Lagrangian coherent structures in helical MHD dynamo simulations with scale separation. In an ABC--flow, two dynamo regimes, a propagating coherent mean--field regime and an intermittent regime, are identified as the magnetic diffusivity is varied. The sharp contrast between the chaotic tangle of attracting and repelling LCS in both regimes permits a unique analysis of the impact of the magnetic field on the velocity field. In a second example, LCS reveal the link between the level of chaotic mixing of the velocity field and the saturation of a large--scale dynamo when the magnetic field exceeds the equipartition value.