Center vortex model and the G(2) gauge group

TL;DR

This paper applies the thick center vortex model to the G(2) gauge group, using vacuum domain structures to derive static potential results that align with lattice data, despite G(2) having only a trivial center element.

Contribution

It extends the thick center vortex model to G(2), incorporating vacuum domain structures to explain confinement phenomena in a group with trivial center elements.

Findings

Intermediate string tensions agree with lattice results.

The SU(3) subgroup may explain the linear potential.

Potential ratios are consistent with Casimir scaling.

Abstract

The thick center vortex model is applied to G(2) gauge group to obtain the potentials between static sources of the fundamental and adjoint representations. The group G(2) has only one trivial center element and therefore it does not have any vortices which are defined based on non trivial center elements. To obtain the potential from the thick center vortex model, the idea of the vacuum domain structure is used. The intermediate string tensions from this model are in rough agreement with the G(2) lattice results and the Casimir ratio. We argue that the SU(3) subgroup of G(2) may be responsible for the linear potential at the intermediate distances.