Thermodynamics of SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions in the $T <\ T_c$ regime

TL;DR

This paper investigates the thermodynamic properties of pure SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions below the critical temperature, using Monte Carlo simulations to analyze variables like pressure, energy, and entropy, and compares results with theoretical models.

Contribution

The study provides new Monte Carlo data on SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions for N=2 to 6, focusing on the confined phase and scaling behaviors, and compares with string and glueball models.

Findings

Thermodynamic variables follow specific scaling with N.

Results align with bosonic string predictions for the Hagedorn spectrum.

Data supports the glueball gas model in the confined phase.

Abstract

We present Monte Carlo results for the thermodynamics of pure SU(N) gauge theories with $N=2,...,6$ in 2+1 dimensions. We focus on the confined phase region $T<T_c$ and study thermodynamics variables such as the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, pressure, energy and entropy density using the integral method. We also investigate scaling properties with $N$ of the different observables. We compare our results with a gas of free glueballs and the bosonic string predictions for the Hagedorn spectrum.