On the Frequency of Jupiter Analogs

TL;DR

This study estimates that approximately 3.3% of stars host Jupiter-like planets at 3-6 AU, using 12 years of radial-velocity data, and suggests that no more than 37% of stars have such planets.

Contribution

First comprehensive analysis of Jupiter analog frequency based on long-term radial-velocity data, expanding previous simulation work.

Findings

3.3% of stars host Jupiter analogs

No more than 37% of stars host giant planets at 3-6 AU

Long-term data improves detection sensitivity

Abstract

The Anglo-Australian Planet Search has now accumulated 12 years of radial-velocity data with long-term instrumental precision better than 3 m/s. In this paper, we expand on earlier simulation work, to probe the frequency of near-circular, long-period gas-giant planets residing at orbital distances of 3-6 AU -- the so-called "Jupiter analogs." We present the first comprehensive analysis of the frequency of these objects based on radial-velocity data. We find that 3.3% of stars in our sample host Jupiter analogs; detailed, star-by-star simulations show that no more than 37% of stars host a giant planet between 3-6 AU.