Hyperfine and Zeeman interactions of the $a(1)[^3\Sigma^+_1]$ state of PbO

TL;DR

This paper investigates how interactions with a nearby electronic state influence the hyperfine and magnetic properties of PbO's $a(1)[^3\Sigma^+_1]$ state, revealing significant effects on $g$-factors and hyperfine constants relevant for EDM experiments.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the hyperfine and Zeeman interactions in PbO, highlighting the impact of electronic state interactions on magnetic properties and their dependence on electric fields.

Findings

Difference in $g$-factors matches experimental data

Interaction effects grow with rotational quantum number $J$

Electric field can nullify $g$-factor differences at 11 V/cm

Abstract

The role of the interaction with the nearest electronic state $^3\Sigma^+_{0^-}$ on the hyperfine structure and magnetic properties of the $a(1)[^3\Sigma^+_1]$ state of PbO is assessed. The accounting for this contribution leads to difference between $g$-factors of the $J=1$ $\Omega$-doublet levels, $ \Delta g = 37\times10^{-4}$, that is in a good agreement with the experimental datum $ \Delta g = 30(8)\times10^{-4}$. The contribution of this interaction rapidly grows with $J$. For $J=30$ the difference of $g$-factors of $\Omega$-doublet states reaches 100%; for hyperfine constants it is 18%. These differences also depend on the electric field and for $E=11$ V/cm for $^{207}$PbO the difference in $g$-factors turn to zero. The latter is important for suppressing systematic effects in the electron electric dipole moment search experiment.