A Survey of System Security in Contactless Electronic Passports
Anshuman Sinha

TL;DR
This survey reviews the security features of electronic passports, focusing on cryptographic protocols like BAC and EAC, to evaluate their effectiveness in preventing forgery and identity theft.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive comparison of first- and second-generation electronic passports and analyzes the cryptographic protocols used for authentication.
Findings
First-generation passports have basic security features.
Second-generation passports incorporate advanced cryptographic protocols.
Cryptographic protocols improve security but have limitations.
Abstract
A traditional paper-based passport contains a Machine- Readable Zone (MRZ) and a Visual Inspection Zone (VIZ). The MRZ has two lines of the holder's personal data, some document data, and verification characters encoded using the Optical Character Recognition font B (OCRB). The encoded data includes the holder's name, date of birth, and other identifying information for the holder or the document. The VIZ contains the holder's photo and signature, usually on the data page. However, the MRZ and VIZ can be easily duplicated with normal document reproduction technology to produce a fake passport which can pass traditional verification. Neither of these features actively verify the holder's identity; nor do they bind the holder's identity to the document. A passport also contains pages for stamps of visas and of country entry and exit dates, which can be easily altered to produce fake…
Peer Reviews
No public reviews on file for this paper yet. If you reviewed it on a platform where reviews are public (OpenReview, ICLR, NeurIPS, ICML), you can paste yours below so the community can read it here.
Videos
No videos yet. Explain this paper in a talk, walkthrough, or lecture? Add one.
Taxonomy
TopicsRFID technology advancements · QR Code Applications and Technologies · User Authentication and Security Systems
