A worm-inspired algorithm for the simulation of Abelian gauge theories

TL;DR

This paper introduces a worm-inspired algorithm for simulating Abelian U(1) gauge theories that samples all-order strong coupling expansions, including Wilson loop defects, and compares its efficiency to traditional methods.

Contribution

It proposes a novel worm-inspired sampling algorithm that incorporates Wilson loop defects for Abelian gauge theories, enhancing simulation efficiency.

Findings

The new algorithm effectively samples all-order strong coupling expansions.

It improves the estimation of observables compared to standard Metropolis methods.

The method includes Wilson loop defects in the ensemble for better accuracy.

Abstract

We present an algorithm in which the all-order strong coupling expansion of the Abelian U(1) gauge theory with Wilson plaquette action is sampled. In addition to the vacuum closed surface graphs of the partition function we propose to also allow for a class of defects (boundaries) related to Wilson loops in the ensemble. The efficiency of our scheme in estimating various observables is compared to a standard Metropolis algorithm.