Multivariate Rogers-Szeg\"o polynomials and flags in finite vector spaces

TL;DR

This paper develops recursive formulas for multivariate Rogers-Szeg"o polynomials and related sums of q-multinomial coefficients, connecting them to counting flags in finite vector spaces and providing combinatorial proofs.

Contribution

It introduces new recursive equations for multivariate Rogers-Szeg"o polynomials and sums of q-multinomial coefficients, linking algebraic identities to combinatorial structures in finite vector spaces.

Findings

Derived recursive formulas for Rogers-Szeg"o polynomials.

Connected sums of q-multinomial coefficients to flags in vector spaces.

Provided combinatorial proofs for the recursions.

Abstract

We give a recursion for the multivariate Rogers-Szeg\"o polynomials, along with another recursive functional equation, and apply them to compute special values. We also consider the sum of all $q$-multinomial coefficients of some fixed degree and length, and give a recursion for this sum which follows from the recursion of the multivariate Rogers-Szeg\"o polynomials, and generalizes the recursion for the Galois numbers. The sum of all $q$-multinomial coefficients of degree $n$ and length $m$ is the number of flags of length $m-1$ of subspaces of an $n$-dimensional vector space over a field with $q$ elements. We give a combinatorial proof of the recursion for this sum of $q$-multinomial coefficients in terms of finite vector spaces.