Studies of Stellar Collapse and Black Hole Formation with the Open-Source Code GR1D

TL;DR

This paper presents simulations of black hole formation during stellar collapse using the open-source GR1D code, which incorporates rotation, nuclear equations of state, and neutrino physics, providing new insights into supernovae and black hole formation.

Contribution

Introduction of the open-source GR1D code for simulating stellar collapse with rotation, nuclear EOS, and neutrino physics, and application to black hole formation in massive stars.

Findings

No prompt black hole formation in ordinary massive star collapse.

First results on rotating stellar collapse leading to black holes.

Validation of the code with progenitor models and EOS choices.

Abstract

We discuss results from simulations of black hole formation in failing core-collapse supernovae performed with the code GR1D, a new open-source Eulerian spherically-symmetric general-relativistic hydrodynamics code. GR1D includes rotation in an approximate way (1.5D), comes with multiple finite-temperature nuclear equations of state (EOS), and treats neutrinos in the post-core-bounce phase via a 3-flavor leakage scheme and a heating prescription. We chose the favored K_0=220 MeV-variant of the Lattimer & Swesty (1990) EOS and present collapse calculations using the progenitor models of Limongi & Chieffi (2006). We show that there is no direct (or ``prompt'') black hole formation in the collapse of ordinary massive stars (8 M_Sun ~< M_ZAMS ~< 100 M_Sun) and present first results from black hole formation simulations that include rotation.