Integrated photonic 3D waveguide arrays for quantum random walks on a circle

TL;DR

This paper presents the design, modeling, and fabrication of a 3D photonic waveguide array in glass to implement quantum random walks on a circle, enabling more efficient quantum simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel 3D waveguide architecture for quantum walks on a circle, demonstrating advantages over traditional 2D designs.

Findings

Successful fabrication of 3D tubular waveguide array

Implementation of quantum walk on a circle in 3D

3D photonic circuits better suited for complex quantum simulations

Abstract

Quantum random walks (QRWs) can be used to perform both quantum simulations and quantum algorithms. In order to exploit this potential, quantum walks on different types of graphs must be physically implemented. To this end we design, model and experimentally fabricate, using the femtosecond laser direct-write technique, a 3D tubular waveguide array within glass to implement a photonic quantum walk on a circle. The boundary conditions of a QRW on a circle naturally suggests a 3D waveguide implementation - allowing much simpler device design than what could be achieved using a 2D waveguide architecture. We show that, in some cases, three-dimensional photonic circuits can be more suited to the simulation of complex quantum phenomena.