Hydrodynamics and evaporation of a sessile drop of capillary size

TL;DR

This paper presents a detailed simulation of an evaporating sessile drop, capturing the complex interplay of hydrodynamics, vapor diffusion, and thermal conduction, revealing the evolution of internal vortex structures driven by Marangoni forces.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed simulation of vortex evolution in an evaporating sessile drop considering multiple coupled physical effects.

Findings

Vortex structures evolve dynamically during evaporation.

Marangoni forces significantly influence internal flow patterns.

Simulation aligns with observed physical phenomena.

Abstract

Fluid dynamics video of an evaporating sessile drop of capillary size is presented. The corresponding simulation represents the description taking into account jointly time dependent hydrodynamics, vapor diffusion and thermal conduction in an evaporating sessile drop. The fluid convection in the drop is driven by Marangoni forces associated with the temperature dependence of the surface tension. For the first time the evolution of the vortex structure in the drop during an evaporation process is obtained.