Tungsten material properties at high temperature and high stress

TL;DR

This study introduces a novel laser vibrometry method to measure tungsten's Young's modulus at extreme conditions, confirming its high stiffness at elevated temperatures and stresses relevant for high-power target applications.

Contribution

A new measurement technique for tungsten's Young's modulus at high stress, strain-rates, and temperatures, validated by experimental and modeling agreement.

Findings

Young's modulus remains high at extreme conditions

Method accurately measures high-temperature, high-stress properties

Results support tungsten's suitability for high-power targets

Abstract

Recently reported results on the long lifetime of the tungsten samples under high temperature and high stress conditions expected in the Neutrino Factory target have strengthened the case for a solid target option for the Neutrino Factory. In order to study in more details the behaviour of basic material properties of tungsten, a new method has been developed for measurement of tungsten Young's modulus at high stress, high strain-rates (> 1000 s^-1) and very high temperatures (up to 2650 C). The method is based on measurements of the surface motion of tungsten wires, stressed by a pulsed current, using a Laser Doppler Vibrometer. The measured characteristic frequencies of wire expansion and contraction under the thermal loading have been used to directly obtain the tungsten Young's modulus as a function of applied stress and temperature. The experimental results have been compared with modelling results and we have found that they agree very well. From the point of view of future use of tungsten as a high power target material, the most important result of this study is that Young's modulus of tungsten remains high at high temperature, high stress and high strain-rates.