Flavour physics and CP violation

TL;DR

This paper reviews the importance of flavour physics and CP violation within the Standard Model, discusses experimental confirmations, explores implications for new physics, and examines neutrino flavour data.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of flavour physics, including recent experimental results and their implications for theories beyond the Standard Model.

Findings

B-factories confirmed the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism for CP violation

Recent D0-D0 mixing measurements constrain supersymmetric models

ATLAS and CMS can address the new physics flavour puzzle

Abstract

This is a written version of a series of lectures aimed at graduate students in particle theory/string theory/particle experiment familiar with the basics of the Standard Model. We explain the many reasons for the interest in flavour physics. We describe flavour physics and the related CP violation within the Standard Model, and explain how the B-factories proved that the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism dominates the CP violation that is observed in meson decays. We explain the implications of flavour physics for new physics. We emphasize the "new physics flavour puzzle". As an explicit example, we explain how the recent measurements of D0-D0 mixing constrain the supersymmetric flavour structure. We explain how the ATLAS and CMS experiments can solve the new physics flavour puzzle and perhaps shed light on the standard model flavour puzzle. Finally, we describe various interpretations of the neutrino flavour data and their impact on flavour models.