Rapidity distribution as a probe for elliptical flow at intermediate energies

TL;DR

This paper investigates how rapidity distributions influence elliptical flow in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies, highlighting the role of spectator matter and the sensitivity of transition energy to rapidity bin size.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of rapidity distribution effects on elliptical flow using IQMD model, emphasizing the importance of rapidity bin size and spectator-participant interplay.

Findings

Transition from in-plane to out-of-plane flow depends on rapidity bin inclusion.

Transition energy is highly sensitive to rapidity bin size.

Theoretical results align well with experimental data.

Abstract

Interplay between the spectator and participant matter in heavy-ion collisions is investigated within isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model in term of rapidity distribution of light charged particles. The effect of different types and size rapidity distributions is studied in elliptical flow. The elliptical flow patterns show important role of the nearby spectator matter on the participant zone. This role is further explained on the basis of passing time of the spectator and expansion time of the participant zone. The transition from the in-plane to out-of-plane is observed only when the mid-rapidity region is included in the rapidity bin, otherwise no transition occurs. The transition energy is found to be highly sensitive towards the size of the rapidity bin, while weakly on the type of the rapidity distribution. The theoretical results are also compared with the experimental findings and are found in good agreement.