Meson screening masses from lattice QCD with two light and the strange quark

TL;DR

This study computes meson screening masses in lattice QCD with 2+1 flavors across a wide temperature range, revealing insights into chiral and axial symmetry restoration near the QCD transition.

Contribution

It provides detailed lattice QCD results for meson screening masses and symmetry restoration patterns at finite temperature, using improved staggered fermions and multiple lattice sizes.

Findings

Pseudo-scalar screening mass remains close to zero-temperature mass up to 140 MeV.

Pseudo-scalar screening mass approaches 2πT near 3Tc.

Chiral symmetry restoration occurs around Tc, while axial symmetry restoration happens above 1.3Tc.

Abstract

We present results for screening masses of mesons built from light and strange quarks in the temperature range of approximately between 140 MeV to 800 MeV. The lattice computations were performed with 2+1 dynamical light and strange flavors of improved (p4) staggered fermions along a line of constant physics defined by a pion mass of about 220 MeV and a kaon mass of 500 MeV. The lattices had temporal extents Nt = 4, 6 and 8 and aspect ratios of Ns / Nt \geq 4. At least up to a temperature of 140 MeV the pseudo-scalar screening mass remains almost equal to the corresponding zero temperature pseudo-scalar (pole) mass. At temperatures around 3Tc (Tc being the transition temperature) the continuum extrapolated pseudo-scalar screening mass approaches very close to the free continuum result of 2 \pi T from below. On the other hand, at high temperatures the vector screening mass turns out to be larger than the free continuum value of 2 \pi T. The pseudo-scalar and the vector screening masses do not become degenerate even for a temperature as high as 4Tc. Using these mesonic spatial correlation functions we have also investigated the restoration of chiral symmetry and the effective restoration of the axial symmetry. We have found that the vector and the axial-vector screening correlators become degenerate, indicating chiral symmetry restoration, at a temperature which is consistent with the QCD transition temperature obtained in previous studies. On the other hand, the pseudo-scalar and the scalar screening correlators become degenerate only at temperatures larger than 1.3Tc, indicating that the effective restoration of the axial symmetry takes place at a temperature larger than the QCD transition temperature.