Shortcut to adiabaticity for an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper develops a rapid, engineered trap trajectory for decompression of a 3D Bose-Einstein condensate that achieves adiabatic-like final states in significantly shorter times, validated for both quantum and classical systems.

Contribution

It introduces a method leveraging scaling invariance of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to perform fast decompression of BECs without excitations, matching adiabatic results.

Findings

Successful experimental implementation of rapid trap decompression

Validation of the trajectory for both quantum BEC and classical particles

Achievement of adiabatic-like states in short times

Abstract

We present an investigation of the fast decompression of a three-dimensional (3D) Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) at finite temperature using an engineered trajectory for the harmonic trapping potential. Taking advantage of the scaling invariance properties of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we exhibit a solution yielding a final state identical to that obtained through a perfectly adiabatic transformation, in a much shorter time. Experimentally, we perform a large trap decompression and displacement within a time comparable to the final radial trapping period. By simultaneously monitoring the BEC and the non-condensed fraction, we demonstrate that our specific trap trajectory is valid both for a quantum interacting many-body system and a classical ensemble of non-interacting particles.