Brane worlds and dark matter

TL;DR

This paper explores how brane world models with confining potentials can address dark matter issues, including galaxy rotation curves and mass discrepancies, by introducing a novel X-matter component with specific properties.

Contribution

It demonstrates that geometrical terms in brane models can be interpreted as X-matter, providing explanations for dark matter phenomena without invoking new particles.

Findings

Virial mass discrepancy can be explained by X-matter.

Galaxy rotation curves are reproduced using anisotropic X-matter.

The model derives an equation of state for X-matter.

Abstract

Two problems related to dark matter is considered in the context of a brane world model in which the confinement of gauge fields on the brane is achieved by invoking a confining potential. First, we show that the virial mass discrepancy can be addressed if the conserved geometrical term appearing in this model is considered as an energy momentum tensor of an unknown type of matter, the so-called X-matter whose equation of state is also obtained. Second, the galaxy rotation curves are explained by assuming an anisotropic energy momentum tensor for the X-matter.