Achromatic late-time variability in thermonuclear X-ray bursts - an accretion disk disrupted by a nova-like shell?

TL;DR

This paper reports on an unusual thermonuclear X-ray burst with achromatic fluctuations, suggesting a disrupted accretion disk caused by a nova-like shell expulsion from a neutron star, revealing new insights into burst dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces the observation of achromatic late-time variability linked to accretion disk disruption by a nova-like shell in thermonuclear X-ray bursts.

Findings

Detection of a unique Eddington-limited burst with a precursor.

Observation of strong achromatic fluctuations 122 seconds into the burst.

Proposed explanation involving Thompson scattering by inhomogeneities in a resettling accretion disk.

Abstract

An unusual Eddington-limited thermonuclear X-ray burst was detected from the accreting neutron star in 2S 0918-549 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. The burst commenced with a brief (40 ms) precursor and maintained near-Eddington fluxes during the initial 77 s. These characteristics are indicative of a nova-like expulsion of a shell from the neutron star surface. Starting 122 s into the burst, the burst shows strong (87 +/- 1% peak-to-peak amplitude) achromatic fluctuations for 60 s. We speculate that the fluctuations are due to Thompson scattering by fully-ionized inhomogeneities in a resettling accretion disk that was disrupted by the effects of super-Eddington fluxes. An expanding shell may be the necessary prerequisite for the fluctuations.