On Arnold's and Kazhdan's equidistribution problems

TL;DR

This paper establishes new ergodic theorems and equidistribution results for lattice actions on homogeneous spaces, revealing novel phenomena even with infinite invariant measures and addressing longstanding conjectures.

Contribution

It introduces a mean ergodic theorem for infinite measure actions and demonstrates uniform quantitative equidistribution, advancing understanding of lattice actions on homogeneous spaces.

Findings

Existence of a mean ergodic theorem with infinite invariant measure

Uniform quantitative equidistribution of all orbits

Quantitative ratio ergodic theorems for lattice actions

Abstract

We consider isometric actions of lattices in semisimple algebraic groups on (possibly non-compact) homogeneous spaces with (possibly infinite) invariant Radon measure. We assume that the action has a dense orbit, and demonstrate two novel and non-classical dynamical phenomena that arise in this context. The first is the existence of a mean ergodic theorem even when the invariant measure is infinite, which implies the existence of an associated limiting distribution, possibly different than the invariant measure. The second is uniform quantitative equidistribution of all orbits in the space, which follows from a quantitative mean ergodic theorem for such actions. In turn, these results imply quantitative ratio ergodic theorems for isometric actions of lattices. This sheds some unexpected light on certain equidistribution problems posed by Arnol'd and also on the equidistribution conjecture for dense subgroups of isometries formulated by Kazhdan. We briefly describe the general problem regarding ergodic theorems for actions of lattices on homogeneous spaces and its solution via the duality principle \cite{GN2}, and give a number of examples to demonstrate our results. Finally, we also prove results on quantitative equidistribution for transitive actions.