Field theory of massive and massless vector particles in the Duffin - Kemmer - Petiau formalism

TL;DR

This paper develops a first-order field theory for massive and massless vector particles within the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau formalism, deriving energy-momentum tensors, analyzing symmetries, and quantizing the fields.

Contribution

It introduces a Hamiltonian formalism for vector particles, derives energy-momentum tensors, and performs canonical quantization in the DKP framework, highlighting symmetry differences.

Findings

Dilatation symmetry broken in massive case

Conservation of modified dilatation current in massless case

Explicit propagator for massive vector fields

Abstract

Field theory of massive and massless vector particles is considered in the first-order formalism. The Hamiltonian form of equations is obtained after the exclusion of non-dynamical components. We obtain the canonical and symmetrical Belinfante energy-momentum tensors and their nonzero traces. We note that the dilatation symmetry is broken in the massive case but in the massless case the modified dilatation current is conserved. The canonical quantization is performed and the propagator of the massive fields is found in the Duffin - Kemmer - Petiau formalism.